IBM AIX操作系统常用命令

第一章 IBM小型机硬件配置信息查询命令

1．小型机机型查询命令

# prtconf |grep Model

System Model: IBM,7038-6M2

2．小型机CPU信息查询

# lsdev -Cc processor

proc0 Available 00-00 Processor

proc1 Available 00-01 Processor

proc2 Available 00-02 Processor

proc3 Available 00-03 Processor

显示处理器的状态、数量、设备逻辑名称

# lsattr -El proc0

state enable Processor state False

type PowerPC_POWER4 Processor type False

frequency 1452000000 Processor Speed False

3．小型机内存信息查询

# lsdev -Cc memory

mem0 Available 00-00 Memory

L2cache0 Available 00-00 L2 Cache

# lsattr -El mem0

size 4096 Total amount of physical memory in Mbytes False

goodsize 4096 Amount of usable physical memory in Mbytes False

4．小型机硬盘信息查询

# lsdev -Cc disk

hdisk0 Available 1Z-08-00-8,0 16 Bit LVD SCSI Disk Drive

hdisk1 Available 1Z-08-00-9,0 16 Bit LVD SCSI Disk Drive

hdisk2 Available 14-08-L SSA Logical Disk Drive

hdisk3 Available 14-08-L SSA Logical Disk Drive

# lsattr -El hdisk0

pvid 0058e08d80035d6e0000000000000000 Physical volume identifier False

queue_depth 3 Queue DEPTH False

size_in_mb 36400 Size in Megabytes False

5．小型机网卡信息查询

# lsdev -Cc adapter|grep ent

ent0 Available 1c-08 10/100 Mbps Ethernet PCI Adapter II (1410ff01)

ent1 Available 1j-08 10/100 Mbps Ethernet PCI Adapter II (1410ff01)

ent2 Available 1n-08 10/100 Mbps Ethernet PCI Adapter II (1410ff01)

ent3 Available 11-08 10/100 Mbps Ethernet PCI Adapter II (1410ff01)

ent4 Available 1A-08 10/100 Mbps Ethernet PCI Adapter II (1410ff01)

ent5 Available 1D-08 10/100 Mbps Ethernet PCI Adapter II (1410ff01)

# lsattr -El ent0

busmem 0xe4030000 Bus memory address False

rom_mem 0xe4000000 ROM memory address False

busintr 101 Bus interrupt level False

intr_priority 3 Interrupt priority False

txdesc_que_sz 512 TX Descriptor Queue Size True

rxdesc_que_sz 512 RX Descriptor Queue Size True

tx_que_sz 8192 Software TX Queue Size True

rxbuf_pool_sz 1024 Receive Buffer Pool Size True

media_speed Auto_Negotiation Media Speed True

use_alt_addr no Enable Alternate Ethernet Address True

alt_addr 0x000000000000 Alternate Ethernet Address True

tx_preload 1520 TX Preload Value True

ipsec_offload no IPsec Offload True

chksum_offload yes Enable hardware transmit and receive checksum True

large_send no Enable TCP Large Send Offload True

slih_hog 10 Interrupt Events per Interrupt True

rx_hog 1000 RX Descriptors per RX Interrupt True

poll_link no Enable Link Polling True

poll_link_timer 500 Time interval for Link Polling True

6．小型机SCSI卡信息查询

# lsdev -Cc adapter | grep scsi

scsi0 Available 1Z-08 Wide/Ultra-3 SCSI I/O Controller

scsi1 Available 1Z-09 Wide/Ultra-3 SCSI I/O Controller

7．小型机光纤卡信息查询

# lsdev -Cc adapter | grep fcp

8．小型机SSA卡信息查询

# lsdev -Cc adapter | grep ssa

ssa0 Available 14-08 IBM SSA 160 SerialRAID Adapter (14109100)

# lsattr -El ssa0

ucode 14109100.05.c4 Name of adapter code download file False

bus_io_addr 0x1ec00 Bus I/O address False

bus_mem_start 0xe8000000 Bus memory address False

bus_mem_start2 0xe8928000 Bus memory address False

bus_mem_start3 0xe8900000 Bus memory address False

bus_mem_start4 0xe8800000 Bus memory address False

bus_intr_level 117 Bus interrupt level False

intr_priority 3 Interrupt priority False

daemon true Enable the SSA adapter daemon True

host_address Host Address for Adapter True

scat_gat_pages 8 Pages allocated for scatter/gather True

poll_threshold 0x100 IO Polling threshold True

dma_mem 0x400000 DMA bus memory length True

9．小型机磁带机信息查询

# lsdev -Cc tape

rmt0 Available 1Z-08-00-0,0 Differential SCSI 4mm Tape Drive

10．小型机软驱信息查询

# lsdev -Cc diskette

fd0 Available 01-D1-00-00 Diskette Drive

11．小型机RS232 卡端口

# lsdev -Cc tty

tty0 Available 01-S1-00-00 Asynchronous Terminal

12．小型机光驱信息查询

# lsdev -Cc cdrom

cd0 Available 1Z-08-00-1,0 16 Bit LVD SCSI DVD-ROM Drive

13．小型机硬件平台是否是64位

# bootinfo -y

第二章 IBM小型机系统信息查询命令

1．主机名称查询

# hostname

p650a

2．操作系统版本、补丁信息查询

# oslevel -r

5100-09

# instfix -i|grep ML

All filesets for 5.1.0.0_AIX_ML were found.

All filesets for 5100-01_AIX_ML were found.

All filesets for 5100-02_AIX_ML were found.

All filesets for 5100-03_AIX_ML were found.

All filesets for 5100-04_AIX_ML were found.

All filesets for 5100-05_AIX_ML were found.

All filesets for 5100-06_AIX_ML were found.

All filesets for 5100-07_AIX_ML were found.

All filesets for 5100-08_AIX_ML were found.

All filesets for 5100-09_AIX_ML were found.

3．系统安装软件信息查询

# lslpp –l

Fileset Level State Description

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Path: /usr/lib/objrepos

IMNSearch.bld.DBCS 2.3.1.15 COMMITTED NetQuestion DBCS Buildtime

Modules

IMNSearch.bld.SBCS 2.3.1.15 COMMITTED NetQuestion SBCS Buildtime

Modules

IMNSearch.msg.en_US.rte.com

2.3.1.0 COMMITTED Text Search Messages - U.S.

English

。。。。。。

4．系统物理硬盘信息查询

# lspv

hdisk0 0058e08d80035d6e rootvg

hdisk1 005d3c1d4fe48639 rootvg

hdisk2 005d3c1d6b7b53c0 datavg

hdisk3 005d3c1d6b7ba3aa testvg

# lspv -l hdisk1

hdisk1:

LV NAME LPs PPs DISTRIBUTION MOUNT POINT

hd5 1 1 01..00..00..00..00 N/A

hd6 8 8 00..08..00..00..00 N/A

jfslog1 2 2 00..02..00..00..00 N/A

hd8 1 1 00..00..01..00..00 N/A

hd4 1 1 00..00..01..00..00 /

hd2 73 73 00..00..73..00..00 /usr

hd9var 10 10 00..00..10..00..00 /var

hd3 1 1 00..00..01..00..00 /tmp

hd1 1 1 00..00..01..00..00 /home

hd10opt 1 1 00..00..01..00..00 /opt

testnewlv 2 2 00..00..02..00..00 /test

# lspv -p hdisk0

hdisk0:

PP RANGE STATE REGION LV NAME TYPE MOUNT POINT

1-1 used outer edge hd5 boot N/A

2-109 free outer edge

110-117 used outer middle hd6 paging N/A

118-143 used outer middle lg_dumplv sysdump N/A

144-145 used outer middle testnewlv jfs /test

146-217 free outer middle

218-218 used center hd8 jfs2log N/A

219-219 used center hd4 jfs2 /

220-276 used center hd2 jfs2 /usr

277-286 used center hd9var jfs2 /var

287-287 used center hd3 jfs2 /tmp

288-288 used center hd1 jfs2 /home

289-289 used center hd10opt jfs2 /opt

290-305 used center hd2 jfs2 /usr

306-325 free center

326-433 free inner middle

434-542 free inner edge

5．逻辑卷查询命令

# lslv -l hd3

hd3:/tmp

PV COPIES IN BAND DISTRIBUTION

hdisk0 001:000:000 100% 000:000:001:000:000

hdisk1 001:000:000 100% 000:000:001:000:000

6．卷组查询命令

# lsvg

datavg

rootvg

testvg

列出系统上所有定义的卷组名称

# lsvg -o

testvg

rootvg

列出系统上已经激活的卷组名称

# lsvg –l VGname

# lsvg -l rootvg

rootvg:

LV NAME TYPE LPs PPs PVs LV STATE MOUNT POINT

hd5 boot 1 2 2 closed/syncd N/A

hd6 paging 8 16 2 open/syncd N/A

hd8 jfs2log 1 2 2 open/syncd N/A

hd4 jfs2 1 2 2 open/syncd /

hd2 jfs2 73 146 2 open/syncd /usr

hd9var jfs2 10 20 2 open/syncd /var

hd3 jfs2 1 2 2 open/syncd /tmp

hd1 jfs2 1 2 2 open/syncd /home

hd10opt jfs2 1 2 2 open/syncd /opt

lg_dumplv sysdump 26 26 1 open/syncd N/A

testnewlv jfs 2 4 2 open/syncd /test

jfslog1 jfslog 2 2 1 open/syncd N/A

列出rootvg中所包含逻辑卷的信息

# lsvg –p VGname

# lsvg -p rootvg

rootvg:

PV_NAME PV STATE TOTAL PPs FREE PPs FREE DISTRIBUTION

hdisk0 active 542 417 108..72..20..108..109

hdisk1 active 542 441 108..98..18..108..109

列出rootvg中所包含PhysicalDisk的信息

7．文件系统查询命令

# df -k

Filesystem 1024-blocks Free %Used Iused %Iused Mounted on

/dev/hd4 65536 44084 33% 2861 22% /

/dev/hd2 4784128 1144188 77% 73987 23% /usr

/dev/hd9var 655360 601916 9% 839 1% /var

/dev/hd3 65536 59348 10% 104 1% /tmp

/dev/hd1 65536 65048 1% 24 1% /home

/proc - - - - - /proc

/dev/hd10opt 65536 55768 15% 457 4% /opt

/dev/testnewlv 131072 126912 4% 17 1% /test

/dev/lv00 16384 15820 4% 17 1% /testdr

# lsfs

Name Nodename Mount Pt VFS Size Options Auto Accounting

/dev/hd4 -- / jfs2 131072 -- yes no

/dev/hd1 -- /home jfs2 131072 -- yes no

/dev/hd2 -- /usr jfs2 9568256 -- yes no

/dev/hd9var -- /var jfs2 1310720 -- yes no

/dev/hd3 -- /tmp jfs2 131072 -- yes no

/proc -- /proc procfs -- -- yes no

/dev/hd10opt -- /opt jfs2 131072 -- yes no

/dev/lv00 -- /testdr jfs 32768 rw no no

/dev/testnewlv -- /test jfs 262144 rw no no

8．交换区信息查询命令

# lsps -a

Page Space Physical Volume Volume Group Size %Used Active Auto Type

hd6 hdisk0 rootvg 512MB 1 yes yes lv

列出交换区设备信息

# lsps -s

Total Paging Space Percent Used

512MB 1%

列出交换区使用率

9．主机IP地址查询

# ifconfig -a

en0: flags=7e080863,10<UP,BROADCAST,NOTRAILERS,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST,GROUPRT,64BIT,CHECKSUM_OFFLOAD,CHECKSUM_SUPPORT,PSEG>

inet 10.110.157.156 netmask 0xfffffe00 broadcast 10.110.157.255

en1: flags=7e080863,10<UP,BROADCAST,NOTRAILERS,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST,GROUPRT,64BIT,CHECKSUM_OFFLOAD,CHECKSUM_SUPPORT,PSEG>

inet 192.168.111.1 netmask 0xfffffe00 broadcast 192.168.111.255

en2: flags=7e080863,10<UP,BROADCAST,NOTRAILERS,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST,GROUPRT,64BIT,CHECKSUM_OFFLOAD,CHECKSUM_SUPPORT,PSEG>

inet 192.168.112.1 netmask 0xfffffe00 broadcast 192.168.113.255

en3: flags=7e080863,10<UP,BROADCAST,NOTRAILERS,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST,GROUPRT,64BIT,CHECKSUM_OFFLOAD,CHECKSUM_SUPPORT,PSEG>

inet 10.10.10.1 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 10.10.10.255

# netstat -in

Name Mtu Network Address Ipkts Ierrs Opkts Oerrs Coll

en0 1500 link#2 0.2.55.3a.47.9c 419521 0 140863 0 0

en0 1500 10.110.156 10.110.157.156 419521 0 140863 0 0

en1 1500 link#3 0.d.60.a.3c.fe 264262 0 1604 0 0

en1 1500 192.168.110 192.168.111.1 264262 0 1604 0 0

en2 1500 link#4 0.d.60.a.3a.ae 268920 0 7548 0 0

en2 1500 192.168.112 192.168.112.1 268920 0 7548 0 0

en3 1500 link#5 0.d.60.a.10.fc 0 0 8 0 0

en3 1500 10.10.10 10.10.10.1 0 0 8 0 0

en4 1500 link#6 0.d.60.a.4b.94 0 0 1097 0 0

en4 1500 192.168.110 192.168.110.12 0 0 1097 0 0

lo0 16896 link#1 25536 0 25671 0 0

lo0 16896 127 127.0.0.1 25536 0 25671 0 0

lo0 16896 ::1 25536 0 25671 0 0

10．当前进程查询

# ps –ef

查询系统中运行的所有进行的信息

11．用户信息查询

# logname

root

# id

uid=0(root)gid=0(system) groups=2(bin),3(sys),7(security),8(cron),10(audit),11(lp)

# env

12．显示HACMP状态

# /usr/es/sbin/cluster/clstat

# lssrc -g cluster

Subsystem Group PID Status

clsmuxpdES cluster 884930 active

clstrmgrES cluster 688246 active

clinfoES cluster 598106 active

12. 系统运行级查询

# who -r

. run-level 2 Feb 16 15:09 2 0 S

显示当前的运行级是2以及前一个运行级0

13．查看系统已经运行时间

# uptime

03:34PM up 1 day, 1:37, 6 users, load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00

显示系统到目前为止的运行时间

14．显示登陆用户信息

# last

15．显示启动设备信息

# bootlist -m normal -o

rmt0

hdisk0

hdisk1

cd0

主机正常启动时引导设备列表

# bootlist –m service –o

服务状态引导设备列表

16．关闭系统命令

# shutdown –r

关闭系统后马上使用reboot在启动系统

# shutdown –F

快速关闭系统

17．查看系统启动log信息

# alog –o –t boot

显示系统启动信息

# alog –o –t console

显示系统console输出的信息

18．查看crontab 配置信息

# crontab –l

19．查询系统路由信息

# netstat –rn

显示网络的网卡、路由、网关信息

20．查看用户历史命令列表

# history

缺省输出15行的历史记录，显示更多的历史记录，如下例

# history -100

21．查看系统时间

# date

Fri Feb 17 15:56:31 BEIST 2006

22．查看tcpip参数

# no –a

23．查看系统license情况

# lslicense

Maximum number of fixed licenses is 1024.

Floating licensing is disabled.

24．查看系统错误日志

# errpt

# errpt –a

详细输出每项报错的内容

# errpt –a –j IDENTIFIER

按照特定的IDENTIFIER显示详细的报错信息

25．清除日志记录

# errclear XX (XX是保留最近日志的天数)

26．系统dump设备查询

# sysdumpdev –l

primary /dev/lg_dumplv

secondary /dev/sysdumpnull

copy directory /var/adm/ras

forced copy flag TRUE

always allow dump TRUE

dump compression OFF

27．性能监控

# vmstat

kthr memory page faults cpu

----- ----------- ------------------------ ------------ -----------

r b avm fre re pi po fr sr cy in sy cs us sy id wa

2 1 256197 219169 0 0 0 0 0 0 463 56691 447 1 6 92 0

# vmstat 2 10

每2秒采集一次信息，一共采集10次

28．系统I/O设备性能监控

# iostat

tty: tin tout avg-cpu: % user % sys % idle % iowait

0.0 3.9 1.1 6.3 92.5 0.1

Disks: % tm_act Kbps tps Kb_read Kb_wrtn

hdisk0 0.2 3.3 0.5 1829245 2837571

hdisk1 0.0 0.0 0.0 345 0

hdisk4 0.0 2.9 0.2 3230952 847486

hdisk5 0.0 3.0 0.0 2031108 2211568

hdisk2 0.0 0.1 0.0 63414 13652

cd0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0

29．系统内存监控

# svmon

size inuse free pin virtual

memory 1048560 197816 850744 119378 164288

pg space 131072 1002

work pers clnt lpage

pin 119131 0 247 0

in use 164305 48 33463 0

30．系统软件和硬件信息查询

# prtconf

31．测试网络的连通性

# ping 10.110.157.157

第三章配置主机常用命令

1．更改主机名称

# smitty mkhostname

* HOSTNAME (symbolic name of your machine) [ ]

2．增加、删除用户命令

# smitty mkuser

* User NAME [ ]

UserID [ ]

ADMINISTRATIVE USER? false

Primary GROUP [ ]

Group SET [ ]

# smitty rmuser

* User NAME [ ]

Remove AUTHENTICATION information? yes

3．增加、删除组命令

# smitty mkgroup

* Group NAME [ ]

ADMINISTRATIVE group? alse

Group ID [ ]

USER list [ ]

ADMINISTRATOR list [ ]

输入相应的name, user id

# smitty rmgroup

Group NAME [ ]

输入所要删除group的名字

4．删除硬盘设备

# rmdev –l hdisk0

# rmdev –dl hdisk0

5．增加、删除文件系统

# smitty crjfs

àAdd a Standard Journaled File System

à选择相应的VG

Volume group name datavg

* SIZE of file system (in 512-byte blocks) []

* MOUNT POINT []

Mount AUTOMATICALLY at system restart? no

PERMISSIONS read/write

Mount OPTIONS []

Start Disk Accounting? no

Fragment Size (bytes) 4096

Number of bytes per inode 4096

Allocation Group Size (MBytes) 8

# smitty rmjfs

*FILE SYSTEM name [ ]

Remove Mount Point no

输入文件系统的名字

6．增加、删除、扩大逻辑卷

# smitty mklv

* VOLUME GROUP name []

首先输入VG的名字，然后进入下面步骤

Logical volume NAME []

* VOLUME GROUP name rootvg

* Number of LOGICAL PARTITIONS []

PHYSICAL VOLUME names []

Logical volume TYPE []

# smitty rmlv

LOGICAL VOLUME name []

输入LV的名字

# smitty extendlv

* LOGICAL VOLUME name hd6

* Number of ADDITIONAL logical partitions []

PHYSICAL VOLUME names []

POSITION on physical volume middle

RANGE of physical volumes minimum

MAXIMUM NUMBER of PHYSICAL VOLUMES [32]

to use for allocation

Allocate each logical partition copy yes

on a SEPARATE physical volume?

File containing ALLOCATION MAP []

7．创建、删除卷组

# smitty mkvg

VOLUME GROUP name []

Physical partition SIZE in megabytes 4

* PHYSICAL VOLUME names []

Activate volume group AUTOMATICALLY yes

at system restart?

Volume Group MAJOR NUMBER []

Create VG Concurrent Capable? no

Auto-varyon in Concurrent Mode? no

LTG Size in kbytes 128

输入VG的名字，以及PV的名字

# smitty reducevg

àRemove a Physical Volume from a Volume Group

* VOLUME GROUP name []

输入VG的名字

8．卷组操作命令

# extendvg VGname hdiskX

将hdiskX加入VGname中

# reducevg VGname hdiskX

将hdiskX中VGname中除去

# importvg -y VGname hdiskX

将hdiskX所在的VG以VGname的名字导入当前主机

# exportvg VGname

将VGname的配置信息从当前主机导出

# varyonvg VGname

将VGname在当前主机激活

# varyoffvg VGname

将Vgname置成非激活的状态

9．文件系统管理命令

# smitty crfs

Add a Journaled File System

Add an Enhanced Journaled File System

Add a CDROM File System

选择相应的文件系统进行创建

# smitty chfs

Change / Show Characteristics of a Journaled File System

Change / Show Characteristics of an Enhanced Journaled File System

Change / Show Characteristics of a CDROM File System

# smitty rmfs

Remove a Journaled File System

Remove an Enhanced Journaled File System

Remove a CDROM File System

# smitty mount

Mount a File System

à Mount a File System

FILE SYSTEM name []

输入文件系统的名字

# smitty unmount

à Unmount a File System

NAME of file system to unmount []

# smitty fsck

NAME of file system

-OR-

TYPE of file system

FAST check? no

输入文件系统的名字，对此文件系统进行一致性检查

# df -k

列出当前文件系统以及每个文件系统的使用空间情况

10．Paging space 管理命令

# smitty mkps

Volume group name datavg

SIZE of paging space (in logical partitions) []

PHYSICAL VOLUME name

Start using this paging space NOW? no

Use this paging space each time the system is no

RESTARTED?

输入paging spaces 的大小以及是否在系统启动的时候启动

# smitty chps

Paging space name hd6

Volume group name rootvg

Physical volume name hdisk0

NUMBER of additional logical partitions []

Or NUMBER of logical partitions to remove []

Use this paging space each time the system is yes

RESTARTED?

输入增加的Logical Partition的数量

# smitty rmps

PAGING SPACE name []

输入paging space的名字

# swapon –a

激活所有paging space

# swapoff DeviceName

11．SRC操作命令

# startsrc -s subsystem_name

启动子系统的相关进程

# startsrc -g group_name
启动一组子系统的相关进程

# lssrc –a

列出所有系统资源组的信息

12．系统设备配置命令

# cfgmgr –v

13．查找文件命令

# find / -name filename –print

14．更改文件或目录的访问权限

# chmod 777 XXX （XXX代表所要查找文件的名字)

15．更改文件或目录的owner及group

# chown username :groupname XXX (XXX代表文件或目录的名字)

16．系统调试工具

# diag

àDiagnostic Routines

Advanced Diagnostics Routines

Task Selection

Resource Selection

17．操作系统备份命令

# smitty mksysb

* Backup DEVICE or FILE []

Create MAP files? no

EXCLUDE files? no

List files as they are backed up? no

Generate new /image.data file? yes

EXPAND /tmp if needed? no

Disable software packing of backup? no

Number of BLOCKS to write in a single output []

(Leave blank to use a system default)

输入目标设备或者文件

18．HACMP操作命令

# smitty clstart

* Start now, on system restart or both now

Start Cluster Services on these nodes [p650a]

BROADCAST message at startup? true

Startup Cluster Information Daemon? true

Reacquire resources after forced down ? false

# smitty clstop

* Stop now, on system restart or both now

Stop Cluster Services on these nodes [p650a]

BROADCAST cluster shutdown? true

* Shutdown mode graceful

19．改变用户口令

# passwd user-name

20．配置IP地址

# smitty mktcpip

21．NFS操作命令

# smitty mknfs

* START NFS now, on system restart or both both

启动NFS系统后台进程,可以选择是现在重启还是在系统重启时启动这些进程

# smitty mknfsexp

* PATHNAME of directory to export []

* MODE to export directory read-write

HOSTS & NETGROUPS allowed client access []

Anonymous UID [-2]

HOSTS allowed root access []

HOSTNAME list. If exported read-mostly []

Use SECURE option? no

Public filesystem? no

* EXPORT directory now, system restart or both both

PATHNAME of alternate Exports file []

配置NFS server 向客户端导出的目录

# smitty chnfsexp

* PATHNAME of exported directory []

更改或显示已经到处的目录的属性

# smitty rmnfsexp

* PATHNAME of exported directory to be removed []

删除NFS server上面已经导出的目录

# smitty mknfsmnt

安装一个NFS文件系统

# showmount –e NFS_Server

显示NFS server导出的文件系统

22. 安装软件

# smitty install_latest

* INPUT device / directory for software [ ]

输入安装文件所在的光盘或者路径

23．删除软件

# smitty remove

* SOFTWARE name []

PREVIEW only? (remove operation will NOT occur) yes

REMOVE dependent software? no

EXTEND file systems if space needed? no

DETAILED output? No

输入软件包的名字或者通过F4列表选择

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